By Dr. Devdutt Pattanaik - Author, Speaker, Illustrator, Mythologist
The serpent is conspicuous by its absence in Harappan seals and in Ashokan artworks. Serpent worship is not part of Vedic texts. Multi-headed hooded serpents first appear in Buddhist shrines, at Sanchi and Bharhut. They appear as adoring symbols of Buddha. Then, the serpent-gods are shown sheltering the Buddha and the Tirthankara under their hood.






